{"id":9488,"date":"2023-08-29T10:59:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T08:59:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eskills.org.mt\/article\/gharaf-id-diskrepanza-fil-hiliet-cibernetici-a-deep-dive\/"},"modified":"2024-06-10T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T09:32:51","slug":"gharaf-id-diskrepanza-fil-hiliet-cibernetici-a-deep-dive","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/digitalskills.mdia.gov.mt\/mt\/article\/gharaf-id-diskrepanza-fil-hiliet-cibernetici-a-deep-dive\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0127araf id-diskrepanza fil-\u0127iliet \u010biberneti\u010bi: a deep-dive"},"content":{"rendered":"

Meta nitkellmu dwar teknolo\u0121iji \u0121odda u emer\u0121enti, g\u0127andna t-tendenza li n\u0121abruhom flimkien. Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning, Ir-robotika kollha ting\u0127aqad f \u2019kakofonija di\u0121itali wa\u0127da kbira ta\u2019 termini li ftit minna jifhmu – jekk dan hux min\u0127abba d-diffikulta \u2019jew in-novita\u2019 tat-teknolo\u0121iji nfushom. Filwaqt li s-cybersecurity \u0127afna drabi jaqa \u2019ta\u0127t din il-kappa, huwa\u2019 l bog\u0127od minn \u0121did (jew emer\u0121enti), u pjuttost differenti fin-natura u l-funzjoni tieg\u0127u.<\/p>\n

Fil-fatt nistg\u0127u na\u0127sbu fis-cybersecurity b\u0127ala Enabling technology: wa\u0127da li tag\u0127milha possibbli li l-avvanzi f \u2019dixxiplini o\u0127ra b\u0127all-IA, l-IoT u r-robotika jsiru fi spazju online sikur u sikur. U hekk kif dawn it-teknolo\u0121iji di\u0121itali jevolvu u qed ji\u0121u adottati dejjem aktar fis-setturi kollha, is-cybersecurity qed tikber fl-importanza \u2013 u hekk ukoll qed tikber il-\u0127tie\u0121a ta \u2019esperti tas-cybersecurity tas-seng\u0127a b\u2019 g\u0127arfien aktar spe\u010bjalizzat dwar l-informazzjoni u t-Teknolo\u0121ija tal-kompjuter (ICT) li jkunu jafu kif i\u017commu lin-nies, is-sistemi u n-negozji siguri.<\/p>\n

B’attakki malinni u cyber-scams li qed jikbru fil-frekwenza u s-sofistikazzjoni, is-sett ta’ \u0127iliet ta’ professjonist ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 qed jevolvi wkoll u jinbidel b’pass mg\u0127a\u0121\u0121el. Dan jag\u0127mel il-pro\u010bess ta\u2019 edukazzjoni u ta\u0127ri\u0121 ta\u2019 professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 sa\u0127ansitra aktar diffi\u010bli; u jersaq fuq il-miri li l-g\u0127axar snin li \u0121ejjin isiru di\u0121itali u Ewropej. Education systems have been slow to respond to the realities of the labour market, and the shortage of cybersecurity experts both in Europe, and in the world, gets more and more pronounced with each next year. In Europe only, the shortage of cybersecurity professionals is close to 1 million people (around 883,000), while the number of cyber experts needed globally will soon reach 4 million. The gender gap in the cybersecurity field is yet another aspect that requires urgent attention: as the latest data suggests and as we will see below, women do not even make up a quarter of cybersecurity professionals in Europe; and they are outnumbered in terms of ICT and cybersecurity enrolment in higher education too.<\/p>\n

Introduzzjoni<\/strong>
\nCybersecurity is an ever-growing field: no longer a buzz word, but rather a necessity for people and businesses alike. More than 90% of households (Eurostat, 2023) in Europe access the Internet often for various reasons \u2013 from doing one\u2019s online banking or other purchases, to using online government services or booking a holiday online. Since this involves sensitive information being shared, the safe and secure storage and handling of one\u2019s data is a priority for all \u2013 and unless good practice protocols in cybersecurity are followed, companies, governments and people risk significant leaks of information of various nature and intents \u2013 from financial and reputation damage, to identity thefts and misuse of personal data. The digital transition means more data, more information, more connected devices: and key public, social and businesses processes today depend on it. This makes them likely targets of cyberattacks \u2013 which in recent years have risen in frequency and potential to inflict damage so much that the World Economic Forum called cybercrime a \u201csubstantial global risk\u201d in its 2021 Global Risks Report. And this is not all. I\u010b-\u010biberattakki tal-lum huma aktar sofistikati u diffi\u010bli biex jinstabu, peress li kellhom jevolvu flimkien mat-tran\u017cizzjoni di\u0121itali. L-adozzjoni mg\u0127a\u0121\u0121la ta\u2019 teknolo\u0121iji b\u2019potenzjal g\u0127oli ta\u2019 trasformazzjoni u impatt b\u0127all-Intelli\u0121enza Artifi\u010bjali (AI) jew l-Internet tal-O\u0121\u0121etti (IoT) f\u2019setturi u pajji\u017ci, il-professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 jippermettu pro\u010bessi \u0121odda li ja\u0127dmu b\u2019mod bla xkiel u sigur. Fl-Ewropa, id-domanda g\u0127all-\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 \u017cdiedet bi medja ta\u2019 22 % fl-2021 biss, b\u2019xi Stati Membri tal-UE, b\u0127all-\u0120ermanja, il-Polonja jew ir-Rumanija, raw \u017cieda ta\u2019 aktar minn 30 %.<\/p>\n

L-istampa tidher l-istess mad-dinja kollha. In-numri globali tal-forza tax-xog\u0127ol \u010bibernetika la\u0127qu l-og\u0127la livell, bi qrib il-5 miljun espert tal-ICT spe\u010bjalizzati f’dan il-qasam li b\u0127alissa qeg\u0127din ja\u0127dmu. Minkejja dan il-progress, g\u0127ad hemm nuqqas ta\u2019 3.4 miljun \u0127addiem \u010bibernetiku globali (ISC2, 2022). Id-domanda g\u0127all-professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 turi \u017cieda qawwija, spe\u010bjalment matul il-perjodu wara l-pandemija tal-COVID-19, kif tenfasizza l-OECD 2023: fi studju wie\u0127ed, in-numru ta\u2019 avvi\u017ci ta\u2019 impjiegi onlajn (OJAs) li qed ifittxu professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-ewwel nofs tal-2022 kien 5 darbiet akbar milli fil-bidu tal-2012, u d-doppju mill-a\u0127\u0127ar tal-2019. Xi stimi fl-Ewropa (EIT Digital 2021) jissu\u0121\u0121erixxu li d-ditti tal-UE qed ifittxu mijiet ta’ eluf ta’ esperti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, \u0127afna aktar mill-provvista tad-database tat-talent attwali b’\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0. Ir-ri\u010berka tikkonferma dan – aktar minn nofs il-kumpaniji tal-UE rrappurtaw diffikultajiet biex jimlew il-postijiet battala fl-ICT skont l-edizzjoni tal-2022 tad-DESI, l-Indi\u010bi tal-Ekonomija u s-So\u010bjet\u00e0 Di\u0121itali tal-UE \u2013 indi\u010bi annwali li jsegwi l-progress di\u0121itali tal-Istati Membri tal-UE fl-oqsma ewlenin, inklu\u017ci l-\u0127iliet.<\/p>\n

Jie\u0127du kont tad-distakk \u010bibernetiku: sfidi li \u0121ejjin<\/strong>
\nNuqqas imminenti ta’ esperti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0: fl-Ewropa u lil hinn<\/strong>
\nL-Ewropa g\u0127adha ma til\u0127aqx professjonisti tas-seng\u0127a fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 f’aktar minn qasam wie\u0127ed jew tnejn ta’ kompetenza. Id-distakk \u010bibernetiku huwa mag\u0127mul minn diversi dimensjonijiet, kull wa\u0127da tirrappre\u017centa sfida spe\u010bifika. Ag\u0127ti \u0127arsa lejn l-infografija hawn ta\u0127t biex tara xi w\u0127ud mill-aspetti ewlenin.<\/p>\n

Fl-2022, in-nuqqas ta’ professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-UE varja bejn 260,000 u 500,000, filwaqt li l-\u0127ti\u0121ijiet tal-forza tax-xog\u0127ol ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 tal-UE kienu stmati g\u0127al 883,000 professjonist. Hemm ukoll \u017cbilan\u010b evidenti bejn is-sessi fil-grupp e\u017cistenti ta\u2019 professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0: fl-2022, in-nisa kienu jiffurmaw biss 20 % tal-gradwati ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, u inqas minn 20 % tal-ispe\u010bjalisti kollha tat-Teknolo\u0121ija tal-Informazzjoni u l-Komunikazzjoni (ICT) kienu nisa. Bl-istess mod, in-nisa huma sottorappre\u017centati fis-su\u0121\u0121etti STEM (Xjenza, Teknolo\u0121ija, In\u0121inerija u Matematika) fi \u0127dan l-edukazzjoni g\u0127olja, li jiffurmaw ftit aktar minn 30% tal-gradwati kollha fil-qasam (Education and Training Monitor 2022). L-universitajiet Ewropej g\u0127amlu progress sod biex l-istudenti jkunu e\u010b\u010bitati dwar is-sigurt\u00e0 tal-ICT: in-numru ta\u2019 programmi u studenti li jistudjaw i\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-edukazzjoni g\u0127olja qed jikbru. Skont l-ENISA (2021), dan ifisser li nistg\u0127u nistennew li naraw in-numru tal-gradwati ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 jirdoppja fi \u017cmien is-snin li \u0121ejjin.<\/p>\n

L-esperti jittamaw dwar l-impatt ta ‘din it-tendenza fuq il-forza tax-xog\u0127ol. Qasam kru\u010bjali wie\u0127ed li fih i\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 g\u0127adha sotto\u017cviluppata fl-Ewropa jikkon\u010berna l-\u0127iliet pre\u017centi fil-forza tax-xog\u0127ol \u2013 xi \u0127a\u0121a li matul is-snin saret ‘problema dokumentata sew’ (ENISA 2021). Fuq skala globali, l-istampa g\u0127andha xebh. B’aktar minn 3.12 miljun impjieg fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 li ma jimtlewx fl-2021, in-nuqqas ta’ talent madwar id-dinja huwa kwistjoni trasversali li taffettwa n-nies, il-forza tax-xog\u0127ol, l-edukazzjoni u l-esperti di\u0121itali bl-istess mod. Meta wie\u0127ed i\u0127ares lejn l-edukazzjoni og\u0127la, huwa me\u0127tie\u0121 aktar sforz biex in-nies ji\u0121u attirati lejn studji tal-ICT b’mod \u0121enerali, u lejn i\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 b’mod partikolari. Id-dejta mill-Eurostat turi li 3.8 % biss tal-gradwati fl-UE g\u0127all-2018 ir\u010bevew grad tal-ICT (Eurostat, 2020).<\/p>\n

G\u0127adu inqas nisa mill-ir\u0121iel fi\u010b-\u010bibernetika<\/strong>
\nIl-bilan\u010b bejn is-sessi jibqa’ kwistjoni ugwalment, b’20 % biss tal-istudenti nisa fl-Ewropa rre\u0121istrati fi programmi ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-universit\u00e0 (ENISA, 2021). Minkejja dawn il-medji, xi Stati Membri tal-UE g\u0127amlu progress sinifikanti fit-tnaqqis tad-differenza di\u0121itali bejn is-sessi. Dan huwa l-ka\u017c tal-Gre\u010bja, fejn is-sehem ta\u2019 nisa gradwati fl-ICT kwa\u017ci rdoppja bejn l-2019 sal-2021, u tela\u2019 minn 8.6 % g\u0127al 15.8 % (Forum Ekonomiku Dinji, 2022. Rapport Globali dwar id-Diskrepanza bejn is-Sessi). Li n\u0121ibu aktar nisa interessati fl-edukazzjoni u l-karrieri ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 huwa essenzjali jekk irridu nindirizzaw dan, u n-nuqqas ta\u2019 diversit\u00e0 fis-settur huwa palpabbli. Dejta minn LinkedIn turi li, fost 12-il pajji\u017c tal-UE, in-nisa jammontaw g\u0127al madwar 17 % tal-forza tax-xog\u0127ol \u010bibernetika (dan il-proporzjon huwa l-og\u0127la fil-Polonja \u2013 13 %, u l-inqas fl-Italja, fejn in-nisa huma 25 %). In-nisa jirrappre\u017centaw inqas minn kwart (24 %) tal-forza tax-xog\u0127ol globali ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 (ISC2, 2022), u dan il-proporzjon ivarja skont l-et\u00e0: huma jiffurmaw 30 % tal-professjonisti \u010biberneti\u010bi ta\u0127t it-30 sena, i\u017cda 14 % biss tal-impjegati \u010biberneti\u010bi li g\u0127andhom aktar minn et\u00e0. 60. Se jkun diffi\u010bli li til\u0127aq il-mira tal-UE g\u0127al 20 miljun spe\u010bjalista tal-ICT sal-2030 ming\u0127ajr ma tittejjeb l-inklu\u017cjoni. Fuq il-ba\u017ci tax-xejriet attwali, inqas minn 25 % tal-ispe\u010bjalisti tal-ICT se jkunu nisa fl-2030, li ji\u017cdiedu minn 19 % fl-2021. F’\u0127afna pajji\u017ci, is-sehem fil-fatt qed jonqos (Sekmokas & Vitait\u0117, 2021:8). U filwaqt li xi Stati Membri tal-UE qed joqorbu lejn proporzjon aktar ibbilan\u010bjat (in-nisa spe\u010bjalisti tal-ICT fil-\u0120ermanja qab\u017cu \u017c-2 miljuni, u dawk fi Franza huma ‘l fuq minn 1.5 miljun), abba\u017ci ta’ xejriet attwali pajji\u017ci o\u0127ra mistennija jibqg\u0127u lura meta ji\u0121u biex id-diversifikazzjoni tal-ICT. Studji jindikaw xejriet inkwetanti ta\u2019 differenza bejn is-sessi fl-ICT li qed ti\u017cdied f\u2019pajji\u017ci b\u0127all-Bulgarija, l-Estonja, l-Irlanda, \u010aipru jew i\u010b-\u010aekja (Sekmokas & Vitairte, 2021:15).<\/p>\n

Missjoni Impossibli? Ta\u0127ri\u0121 ta’ esperti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0<\/strong>
\nIt-ta\u0127ri\u0121 tal-professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 jie\u0127u \u017c-\u017cmien u l-isforz ukoll: it-tnejn relatati mal-edukazzjoni g\u0127olja, i\u017cda wkoll mat-ta\u0127ri\u0121 fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol, importanti kemm g\u0127at-titjib tal-\u0127iliet kif ukoll g\u0127at-titjib tal-\u0127iliet. Dan huwa wkoll il-ka\u017c tat-ta\u0127ri\u0121 fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol: l-i\u017cgurar li l-impjegati jkunu m\u0127arr\u0121a fl-a\u0127\u0127ar appro\u010b\u010bi ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u l-privatezza, jew il-kiri ta\u2019 persunal kwalifikat ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 jista\u2019 jie\u0127u kumpanija minn 6 xhur sa sena (Symantec, 2019). U jekk nitkellmu dwar it-tkabbir personali u professjonali, l-istampa ssir sa\u0127ansitra aktar kumplessa. Jista’ jie\u0127u s-snin biex isir professjonist tas-seng\u0127a ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u espert fil-qasam, b’g\u0127arfien u esperjenza tal-a\u0127\u0127ar tendenzi u \u017cviluppi. Fi st\u0127arri\u0121 re\u010benti mmirat lejn il-professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 madwar id-dinja (ESG\/ISSA, 2020), il-ma\u0121\u0121oranza ta\u2019 dawk li wie\u0121bu stmat li hemm b\u017conn ta\u2019 bejn 3 u 5 snin biex ti\u0121i \u017cviluppata profi\u010bjenza reali ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0; o\u0127rajn indikaw kurva ta\u2019 tag\u0127lim usa\u2019 ta\u2019 5 snin u aktar.<\/p>\n

It-teknolo\u0121ija tkompli tinbidel, g\u0127alhekk huwa diffi\u010bli g\u0127all-persunal tal-industrija biex ila\u0127\u0127qu, u \u0127afna drabi te\u0127tie\u0121 g\u0127arfien spe\u010bjalizzat li jie\u0127u \u017c-\u017cmien biex ji\u017cviluppa. Skont l-A\u0121enzija tal-Unjoni Ewropea g\u0127a\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0 (ENISA, 2019), il-manifatturi u organizzazzjonijiet o\u0127ra li ju\u017caw is-soluzzjonijiet tal-Industrija 4.0 u tal-IoT \u0127afna drabi ma jkollhomx \u0127in biex i\u0127arr\u0121u lill-persunal b’mod adegwat qabel ma l-affarijiet jer\u0121g\u0127u jinbidlu, u j\u0127allu lilhom infushom esposti g\u0127al riskji potenzjali. Barra minn hekk, it-ta\u0127ri\u0121 li huwa disponibbli huwa inadegwat u\/jew g\u0127ali, u jag\u0127milha sa\u0127ansitra inqas fattibbli g\u0127all-SMEs.<\/p>\n

I\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 (flimkien mal-IoT) hija wkoll qasam fl-edukazzjoni og\u0127la, fejn l-universitajiet wrew li bil-mod fl-adattament tal-kurrikuli jew l-a\u0121\u0121ornament tal-kontenut u g\u0127alhekk tirrifletti l-a\u0127\u0127ar \u017cviluppi teknolo\u0121i\u010bi, skont rapport tal-2021 mill-EIT Digital li jist\u0127arre\u0121 l-offerta edukattiva g\u0127a\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-Ewropa. . F’rapport ie\u0127or mill-EIT Digital, li ju\u017ca dejta minn CyberHEAD, l-akbar database onlajn g\u0127all-edukazzjoni og\u0127la fl-ICT u \u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, 34 % biss tal-programmi fil-livell tal-ba\u010bellerat u tal-masters fl-UE je\u0127tie\u0121u apprendistat \u2013 aspett li jfisser li \u0127afna studenti gradwati jitilqu mill-edukazzjoni bi ftit jew xejn esperjenza prattika, \u0127afna drabi me\u0127tie\u0121a biex ji\u0121i \u017cgurat impjieg g\u0127all-ewwel darba fis-settur.<\/p>\n

Ir-ri\u010berka turi li l-edukazzjoni ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-Ewropa qed tikber, i\u017cda mhux b\u2019mod ugwali, u g\u0127ad hemm nuqqasijiet li jaffettwaw il-kwalit\u00e0 tag\u0127ha (interazzjoni fqira mal-industrija, nuqqas ta\u2019 edukaturi ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, nuqqas ta\u2019 allinjament mar-realtajiet tas-suq tax-xog\u0127ol, e\u010b\u010b.) (Vishik & Heisel, 2015). Meta ti\u0121i vvalutata d-dejta tas-CyberHEAD, 34 % biss tal-programmi tal-UE jipprevedu apprendistat obbligatorju g\u0127all-istudenti. Filwaqt li l-apprendistati jistg\u0127u jkunu ta\u2019 sfida biex ji\u0121u stabbiliti, in-nuqqas ta\u2019 opportunitajiet ta\u2019 apprendistat jista\u2019 jkollu impatt negattiv fuq il-\u0127iliet tal-gradwati, u jag\u0127milha aktar diffi\u010bli biex jinkiseb impjieg ta\u2019 sigurt\u00e0 min\u0127abba nuqqas ta\u2019 esperjenza ta\u2019 xog\u0127ol.<\/p>\n

L-indirizzar tad-distakk fil-\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0<\/strong>
\nIl-bini ta’ oqfsa ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u l-valutazzjoni tal-kwalifiki<\/strong>
\nDiversi oqfsa, ri\u017corsi u g\u0127odod \u0121ew stabbiliti u a\u010b\u010bettati b’mod komuni biex isa\u0127\u0127u l-kompetittivit\u00e0 \u010bibernetika tal-UE u jippermettu lill-esperti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 jiksbu l-\u0127iliet me\u0127tie\u0121a biex jisbqu f’dinja di\u0121itali li qed tinbidel malajr. E\u017cempju wie\u0127ed huwa l-Qafas Ewropew tal-\u0126iliet ta\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0 (ECFS), g\u0127odda prattika li tg\u0127in biex ji\u0121u identifikati l-kompiti, il-kompetenzi, il-\u0127iliet u l-g\u0127arfien asso\u010bjati max-xog\u0127ol ta\u2019 kuljum tal-professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-Ewropa, li tnaqqas id-distakk bejn il-postijiet tax-xog\u0127ol \u010biberneti\u010bi professjonali u ambjenti tat-tag\u0127lim. L-g\u0127an ewlieni tal-qafas tal-ECFS huwa li jin\u0127oloq fehim komuni bejn l-atturi kollha tal-ekosistema ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 (individwi, min i\u0127addem, u fornituri tat-ta\u0127ri\u0121) fl-Istati Membri tal-UE. Jappo\u0121\u0121a wkoll it-tfassil ta’ programmi ta’ ta\u0127ri\u0121 relatati ma\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, u jiffa\u010bilita r-rikonoxximent tal-\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0. L-ECFS jqassam ir-rwoli ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fi 12-il profil, li kull wie\u0127ed minnhom ji\u0121i vvalutat individwalment fuq parametri predefiniti (\u0127iliet, responsabbiltajiet, kompiti, interdipendenzi, e\u010b\u010b.). Oqfsa o\u0127ra li jikkategorizzaw u jfasslu \u0127iliet tal-ICT u di\u0121itali b’mod \u0121enerali jistg\u0127u wkoll ikunu utli u jinkludu oqsma ta’ kompetenza fil-privatezza u s-sigurt\u00e0. Pere\u017cempju, il-Qafas ta\u2019 Kompetenza Di\u0121itali tal-UE (DigComp), issa fl-edizzjoni 2.2 tieg\u0127u, jinkludi g\u0127arfien dwar aspetti relatati ma\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 b\u0127all-privatezza jew il-kondivi\u017cjoni ta\u2019 informazzjoni jew data personali. Il-Qafas Ewropew tal-Kompetenza Elettronika (e-CF) jipprovdi lingwa\u0121\u0121 komuni g\u0127al kompetenzi, \u0127iliet u livelli ta’ profi\u010bjenza madwar l-Ewropa. Il-kompetenzi fl-e-CF huma organizzati skont 5 oqsma tan-negozju tal-ICT u relatati mal-Qafas Ewropew tal-Kwalifiki (EQF). Bl-Att Ewropew ta\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0, l-Ewropa issa tista’ tibbenefika wkoll minn qafas ta’ \u010bertifikazzjoni ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 g\u0127al prodotti u servizzi u mandat imsa\u0127\u0127a\u0127 tal-ENISA, l-A\u0121enzija tal-Unjoni Ewropea g\u0127a\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0, stabbilita g\u0127all-ewwel darba fl-2004.<\/p>\n

It-tnaqqis tad-differenza fil-\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fl-Ewropa: pass wie\u0127ed kull darba <\/strong>
\nInizjattivi u azzjonijiet ewlenin tal-UE biex jitnaqqas id-distakk fil-\u0127iliet \u010biberneti\u010bi<\/strong>
\nFlimkien mal-Kummissjoni Ewropea, l-ENISA tikkoordina l-Kampanja Ewropea tax-Xahar ta\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0 (ECSM): kampanja li tqajjem kuxjenza li tippromwovi \u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 permezz tal-edukazzjoni, il-qsim ta\u2019 prattiki tajba, u kompetizzjonijiet. L-Isfida Ewropea ta\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0 (ECSC) hija kompetizzjoni annwali o\u0127ra li tg\u0127aqqad flimkien talenti \u017cg\u0127a\u017cag\u0127 ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 minn madwar l-Ewropa biex jittestjaw il-\u0127iliet tag\u0127hom fis-sigurt\u00e0 tad-data.<\/p>\n

Il-finanzjament ta\u0127t il-Programm DIGITAL Europe g\u0127all-perjodu 2023-2024 jinkludi programm ta’ \u0127idma spe\u010bifiku li jiffoka fuq i\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0, b’ba\u0121it ta’ \u20ac375 miljun g\u0127all-perjodu 2023-2024, biex tissa\u0127\u0127a\u0127 ir-re\u017ciljenza kollettiva tal-UE kontra t-theddid \u010bibernetiku. Ir-rwol ta\u010b-\u010aentri tal-Innovazzjoni Di\u0121itali tal-UE fis-simplifikazzjoni tal-finanzjament ta\u0127t DIGITAL lejn id-dominju ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 se jrawwem aktar innovazzjoni g\u0127all-SMEs u s-settur pubbliku. Bl-2023 mi\u0121bura b\u0127ala s-‘Sena tal-\u0126iliet’ mill-President tal-Kummissjoni Ewropea Ursula Von der Leyen, il-kampanja tas-sena madwar l-UE kollha hija ffukata fuq l-indirizzar tan-nuqqas ta’ \u0127iliet, u t-tis\u0127i\u0127 tal-investiment fit-ta\u0127ri\u0121. Dawn l-g\u0127anijiet huma wkoll prijoritajiet ewlenin inkorporati fil-Pjan ta\u2019 Azzjoni g\u0127all-Edukazzjoni Di\u0121itali (2021-2027), il-vi\u017cjoni g\u0127all-futur tal-edukazzjoni fl-Ewropa li fil-qalba tag\u0127ha jinsabu l-\u0127iliet di\u0121itali.<\/p>\n

Appo\u0121\u0121 lin-negozji u l-SMEs<\/strong>
\nTe\u017cisti firxa ta\u2019 mekkani\u017cmi biex jappo\u0121\u0121aw lin-negozji u spe\u010bjalment l-intrapri\u017ci \u017cg\u0127ar u ta\u2019 daqs medju (SMEs) jag\u0127mlu l-a\u0127jar u\u017cu mi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u ji\u017cguraw li l-persunal tag\u0127hom ikun jista\u2019 jimmani\u0121\u0121ja r-riskji onlajn b\u2019mod kompetenti u infurmat. Li jammontaw g\u0127al 25 miljun (jew 90 % tan-negozji fl-UE), l-SMEs huma s-sinsla tal-ekonomija Ewropea. B’inqas ri\u017corsi, persunal u g\u0127arfien, l-SMEs huma inqas probabbli li jinvestu biex i\u017commu n-negozji u l-operazzjonijiet tag\u0127hom siguri, u wkoll inqas probabbli li j\u0127arr\u0121u l-persunal tag\u0127hom. Diversi fatturi jinfluwenzaw in-nuqqas ta\u2019 adozzjoni ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 fost l-SMEs, u g\u0127andhom impatt negattiv fuq it-ta\u0127ri\u0121 tal-impjegati. G\u0127arfien baxx dwar i\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 tal-persunal u n-nuqqas ta\u2019 professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 tal-ICT biex jimmonitorjaw u jiggwidaw f\u2019\u0127idmiet diffi\u010bli huma sfida kbira g\u0127all-SMEs. Hekk ukoll in-nuqqas ta’ ba\u0121it biex ji\u0121u reklutati \u0121odda, u jit\u0127arr\u0121u impjegati e\u017cistenti, u appo\u0121\u0121 ta’ \u0121estjoni dg\u0127ajjef. Dan ifisser li informazzjoni kummer\u010bjali sensittiva u kritika f’\u0127afna SMEs tit\u0127alla mhux protetta. L-SMEs x’aktarx li jesperjenzaw problemi barra mill-kontroll tag\u0127hom u huma aktar volatili g\u0127al bidliet u nuqqasijiet fis-suq tax-xog\u0127ol (ENISA, 2019). L-organizzazzjonijiet spiss ja\u0127sbu wkoll li huma aktar sikuri milli fil-fatt huma, bit-theddid \u010bibernetiku ji\u0121i sottovalutat kemm fil-livell tal-impjegati kif ukoll tal-mani\u0121ment. Fl-2023 l-ENISA nediet g\u0127odda \u0121dida biex tg\u0127in lill-Intrapri\u017ci \u017bg\u0127ar u Medji (SMEs) jiddijanjostikaw, iqabblu u jtejbu l-livell tag\u0127hom ta\u2019 maturit\u00e0 ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u, b\u2019dan il-mod, jiddefinixxu u jindirizzaw ir-riskji \u010biberneti\u010bi li jiffa\u010b\u010bjaw.<\/p>\n

It-tnaqqis tad-differenza bejn is-sessi fis-cyber<\/strong>
\nFirxa ta’ inizjattivi relatati ma\u010b-\u010bibernetika g\u0127andhom l-g\u0127an li jnaqqsu l-firda bejn is-sessi fil-qasam \u010bibernetiku wkoll. Women4Cyber \u200b\u200bhija pjattaforma tal-UE, li toffri opportunitajiet ta’ netwerking, programmi ta’ konsulenza, u varjet\u00e0 ta’ ri\u017corsi li g\u0127andhom l-g\u0127an li jappo\u0121\u0121aw lin-nisa fit-tnedija (jew il-pass mag\u0127ha) ta’ karriera fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0. Il-kampanja annwali Jum Internazzjonali tal-Bniet fl-ICT tqajjem kuxjenza dwar il-karrieri fis-settur tal-ICT fost in-nisa u l-bniet, inklu\u017c fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 mill-bidu tag\u0127ha lura fl-2013. L-indirizzar tad-diskrepanza di\u0121itali bejn is-sessi huwa wkoll mill-g\u0127anijiet ewlenin ta\u2019 ManagiDITH, il-Master tal-\u0120estjoni tat-Trasformazzjoni Di\u0121itali fis-Settur tas-Sa\u0127\u0127a (ManagiDiTH). Imnedija f’Jannar 2023, ManagiDITH trid til\u0127aq mill-inqas 50% tal-istudenti nisa \u010b\u010bertifikati fi tmiem i\u017c-\u017cew\u0121 \u010bikli tal-master. Il-pro\u0121ett CyberWISER Light (Cyber \u200b\u200bMentoring u Ta\u0127ri\u0121 g\u0127an-Nisa fi\u010b-\u010aibersigurt\u00e0) jiffoka fuq i\u017c-\u017cieda fil-parte\u010bipazzjoni tan-nisa fil-qasam ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 permezz ta\u2019 ta\u0127ri\u0121, mentoring, u attivitajiet ta\u2019 bini tal-kapa\u010bit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Fost l-azzjonijiet li jistg\u0127u jittie\u0127du biex ji\u0121u indirizzati d-disparitajiet bejn is-sessi pre\u017centi fix-xenarju ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 tal-UE, strate\u0121iji ta\u2019 su\u010b\u010bess jinkludu l-attenzjoni tan-nisa f\u2019po\u017cizzjonijiet \u010biberneti\u010bi ewlenin u importanti u l-intervisti ta\u2019 gradwati nisa fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u l-ICT g\u0127al testimonjanzi u kwotazzjonijiet ta\u2019 ispirazzjoni. L-g\u0127oti ta\u2019 opportunitajiet ta\u2019 boro\u017c ta\u2019 studju u konsulenza lin-nisa u l-bniet huwa appro\u010b\u010b rebbie\u0127 ie\u0127or, b\u2019impatt ippruvat fuq it-tis\u0127i\u0127 tar-re\u0121istrazzjoni tan-nisa fl-edukazzjoni ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u fid-dinja tax-xog\u0127ol. Diversi inizjattivi fl-Ewropa jippruvaw jag\u0127mlu e\u017cattament dan. MolenGeek, inkubatur teknolo\u0121iku innovattiv u attur li jtejjeb il-\u0127iliet, jibba\u017ca l-attivitajiet tieg\u0127u f\u2019\u017cona fi Brussell ikkaratterizzata minn qg\u0127ad g\u0127oli u popolata minn nies minn sfondi so\u010bjoekonomi\u010bi baxxi. Il-pro\u0121ett irid ikisser spe\u010bi ta\u2019 stigma doppja: pre\u0121udizzji relatati man-nisa li ja\u0127dmu fl-ICT, u mbag\u0127ad pre\u0121udizzji kontra r-refu\u0121jati u l-integrazzjoni tag\u0127hom. Fi s\u0127ubija ma\u2019 Microsoft, MolenGeek jipprovdi programmi ta\u2019 ta\u0127ri\u0121 fi\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 flimkien ma\u2019 \u010bertifikazzjonijiet tal-industrija rikonoxxuti, li jag\u0127tu spinta lill-impjiegi g\u0127al gruppi emar\u0121inati, u dawk li t\u0127allew warajhom mit-trasformazzjoni di\u0121itali. Bl-istess mod, l-Istitut Kosciuszko fil-Polonja joffri programm ta\u2019 ta\u0127ri\u0121 ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 g\u0127al nisa Pollakki u nisa refu\u0121jati Ukraini. L-Iskola tal-Integrazzjoni Di\u0121itali ReDI tg\u0127ammar nisa refu\u0121jati u \u017cvanta\u0121\u0121ati b’\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 u tal-ICT.<\/p>\n

In\u0127arsu ‘l quddiem lejn futur li ma jkunx \u010bibernetiku<\/strong>
\nB’aktar siner\u0121iji bejn inizjattivi differenti fuq diversi livelli, il-\u0127iliet ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 qed ji\u0121u mg\u0127aqqda kuljum. Fl-istess \u0127in, nuqqasijiet imminenti jindikaw \u0127tie\u0121a ur\u0121enti g\u0127al aktar professjonisti ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 bil-\u0127iliet me\u0127tie\u0121a biex jappo\u0121\u0121aw it-trasformazzjoni di\u0121itali tal-ekonomija u s-so\u010bjet\u00e0 Ewropea. Sforzi akbar biex i\u0127e\u0121\u0121u aktar nies jid\u0127lu fil-qasam \u010bibernetiku u fl-ICT b’mod \u0121enerali wrew su\u010b\u010bess, i\u017cda g\u0127adha me\u0127tie\u0121a aktar azzjoni fil-livell lokali, re\u0121jonali, nazzjonali u tal-UE. L-Ewropa hija nieqsa madwar miljun espert ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 – u n-nuqqas globali jidher daqstant allarmanti. Id-disparit\u00e0 bejn is-sessi fil-qasam tal-ICT b’mod \u0121enerali, u l-qasam ta\u010b-\u010bibersigurt\u00e0 b’mod partikolari, g\u0127adha wkoll \u0127afna kwistjoni li trid ti\u0121i solvuta jekk l-Ewropa trid til\u0127aq il-miri tad-De\u010bennju Di\u0121itali Ewropew – li tasal g\u0127al 20 miljun espert tal-ICT, b’\u0121eneru. konver\u017cjoni fl-oqsma tat-teknolo\u0121ija. In-negozji, u spe\u010bjalment l-SMEs, je\u0127tie\u0121u appo\u0121\u0121 u ri\u017corsi addizzjonali biex i\u0127arr\u0121u l-persunal tag\u0127hom, peress li huma inqas probabbli li jibdew programmi ta\u2019 ta\u0127ri\u0121 – u varjet\u00e0 ta\u2019 inizjattivi fuq livell tal-UE g\u0127andhom l-g\u0127an li jipprovdu dan l-appo\u0121\u0121 lill-SMEs, kemm jekk ikun fil-forma ta\u2019 OERs (Ri\u017corsi Edukattivi Miftu\u0127a), jag\u0127mlu softwer open source, jew jg\u0127inu permezz ta\u2019 mentoring u gwida.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"template":"","class_list":["post-9488","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nG\u0127araf id-diskrepanza fil-\u0127iliet \u010biberneti\u010bi: a deep-dive - Malta Digital Innovation Authority<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/digitalskills.mdia.gov.mt\/article\/mind-the-cyber-skills-gap-a-deep-dive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"mt_MT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G\u0127araf id-diskrepanza fil-\u0127iliet \u010biberneti\u010bi: a deep-dive - Malta Digital Innovation Authority\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Meta nitkellmu dwar teknolo\u0121iji \u0121odda u emer\u0121enti, g\u0127andna t-tendenza li n\u0121abruhom flimkien. 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